ORGANIC COMPOUND AND POLYMER
A. Choose one correct answer for these questions
1. Which statement is TRUE about polymers (plastics)?
A. poly(propene) is not easily shaped when softened by heat C.
poly(ethene) is used for plastic bags
B. poly(ethene) is readily broken down by microorganisms D.
poly(propene) is not strong enough to make into ropes
2. The following 'carbon numbers' correspond to
gasoline, bottled gas, bitumen and kerosine. Which is likely to be bottled gas?
A. over 40 carbon
atoms B. 3 carbon atoms C. 8 carbon atoms D.
15 carbon atoms
3.
Which of the following is TRUE about crude oil?
A. its a mixture of hydrocarbons C.
its a renewable energy resource
B. its an infinite energy resource D.
formed from the erosion of sedimentary rock
4.
The drawings show 'space-filling' diagrams of four hydrocarbon molecules.
Which has the formula C3H8?
The drawings show 'space-filling' diagrams of four hydrocarbon molecules.
Which has the formula C3H8?
A. molecule 4 B.
molecule 6 C.
molecule 5 D.
molecule 3
5.
Cracking' or thermal decompostion is used in the oil
industry to convert higher fractions of hydrocarbons into more useful
molecules. For example, lower alkanes for petrol or alkenes for making
plastics. Given the following cracking
equation, what is the missing molecule? C12H26 à C2H4 + C7H14
+ ?
A. C4H8 B.
C3H8 C.
C2H4 D.
C3H6
6.
Which of the following
statements is TRUE?
A. unsaturated hydrocarbons have no carbon-carbon double bond C.
unsaturated hydrocarbons are generally unreactive
B. a hydrocarbon of formula C4H10 will
decolourise bromine water D. the monomer to make polypropene is propene
7.
At 2
the hydrocarbon mixture is?
A. dark in colour B. very flammable C. viscous D.
like diesel
8.
Which represents a
combustion reaction?
A. ethene ==> poly(ethene) C.
methane + oxygen ==> carbon dioxide + water
B. ethene + bromine ==> dibromoethane D.
hexane ==> butane + ethene
9.
The diagram shows the formation of a polymer. Which is TRUE?
A. the monomer is reactive because it has an easily broken double
bond
B. the diagram shows a condensation polymerisation
C. when W, X, Y and Z are hydrogen the monomer is ethane and the
polymer is poly(ethane)
D. in the monomer molecule the bonds shown between the carbon
atoms are triple covalent bonds
10. Which molecule is likely to be the
most chemically reactive?
A.
B.
C.
D.
11. Which is a plastic?
A. Propanol B. polypropene C. paraffin D.
petrol
12.
A student made some sketches of possible addition
polymer structures. Which one of the
following could be a correct structure?
A. structure (4) B. structure (5) C. structure (6) D.
structure (3)
13. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. the monomer to make polypropene is propane
B. unsaturated hydrocarbons have no carbon-carbon double bond
C. the products of cracking a long chain hydrocarbon are more
volatile
D. a hydrocarbon of formula C4H10 will
decolourise bromine water
14. Which word means breaking up big
molecules into small ones?
A. Condensing B. distilling C. cracking D.
evaporating
15. Making plastics is an example of?
A. thermal decomposition B. fractional
distillation C. polymerisation D.
combustion
16. Which is a hydrocarbon molecule?
A. C2H6 B.
CH3COOH C. C2H5OH D.
C2H5Br
17. Which is a suitable chemical test for an an
alkene, to distinguish it from an alkane?
A. an alkene burns with a more smokey flame
B. the alkane with the same number of carbon atoms has a slightly
higher boiling point
C. an alkene decolourises orange bromine water
D. an alkane reacts with bromine water when bright light is shone
on the mixture
18. Which of the following general formula represents the homologous series of alcohols?
A. CnH2n+1OH
where n = 1, 2, 3, ... C.
CnH2n+1COOH where n = 0, 1, 2, ...
B. CnH2n
where n = 2, 3, 4, ... D.
CnH2n+2
where n = 1, 2, 3, ...
19. Which of the following is a carboxylic
acid?
A.
B.
C.
D.
20. Which of the following is a pleasant
smelling liquid of a type of molecule used in perfumes and flavourings?
A.
B.
C.
D.
21.
Which of the following is a hydrocarbon fuel that does not readily react with bromine?
A.
B.
C.
D.
B.
Give a clear and complete answer for each number
below!
1.
Alcohols can be
oxidised to carboxylic acids by heating with acidic potassium manganate(VII).
a) Draw the structural formula of the carboxylic acid formed by the
oxidation of propan-1-ol. Show all the bonds.
[1]
b) Propan-1-ol
and ethanoic acid react together to form an ester. Give its name and structural formula.
name
...........................................................................................................................
[1]
2. Structural formulae are an essential part of Organic Chemistry.
(a)
Draw the structural formula of each of the following.
Show all the bonds in the structure.
(i)
ethanoic acid
[1]
(ii)
ethanol
[1]
(b)
(i) Ethanoic acid and ethanol react to form an
ester.
What is the
name of this ester?
..............................................................................................................................
[1]
(ii) The same linkage is found in
polyesters. Draw the structure of the polyester which can be formed
from the monomers shown below.
HOOC — C6H4 — COOH and HO — CH2 —
CH2 — OH
[3]
(iii)
Describe the pollution problems caused by
non-biodegradable polymers.
.................................................................................................................................... [2]
3. Petrol is a mixture of alkanes.
One of the
alkanes in petrol is octane, C8H18.
a) What products are
formed when octane is completely burnt in air?
[2]
b) Petrol is only
one of the fractions obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum.
State the
name of two other fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum. Give a use for
each of these fractions.
Fraction :
Use :
Fraction :
use : [4]
c) More petrol can
be made by cracking less useful petroleum fractions.
(i) What do
you understand by the term cracking? [1]
(ii) State
two conditions needed for cracking. [2]
(iii)
Alkenes can be formed by cracking. The simplest alkene is ethene.
Draw
a diagram to show the structure of ethene. Show all atoms
and bonds. [1]
4. Esters, fats and polyesters all
contain the ester linkage.
(a) The structural formula of an ester is given below.
Name two chemicals that could be used to make this ester and draw
their structural formulae. Show all bonds.
names and [2]
structural formulae [2]
5. Petroleum is a
mixture of hydrocarbons which can be separated into fractions such as petrol,
paraffin and diesel.
(a) State
the name of the process used to separate these fractions. [1]
(b) Name
two other fractions which are obtained from petroleum . and [2]
(c) Give
one use for the paraffin fraction. [1]
(d) Many of
the compounds obtained from petroleum are alkanes. [2]
Which two of the following structures are alkanes?
(e) Use words from the list below to complete
the following sentence.
ethane ethene hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
reactive unreactive water
Alkanes
such as ……………….are generally……….. but they can be burnt in ………………to
form carbon dioxide and ……….. [4]
(f) Alkanes
are saturated hydrocarbons.
What do you
understand by the terms
(i)
saturated,
(ii) hydrocarbon? [2]
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